Churn.



No. 665,669. Patented Ian. 8, I90l.

0. L. BULLOCK.

CHURN.

(Application filed July 14, 1900. j

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet I.

Patented Jan. 8, I901.

0. L. BULLOCK.

C H U R N (Application filed. July 14, 1900.!

(No Modell;

2 Sheeis8heat 2.

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UNITED STATES PATENT FFTCE.

OLIVER LABAN BULLOCK, OF OHERRYVILLE, MISSOURI.

CHURN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 665,669, dated January 8, 1901.

Application filed July 14, 1900. Serial. No. 23,630. (No model.)

To all whom, it warty concern.-

Be it known that I, OLIVER LABAN BUL- LOCK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oherryville, in the county of Crawford and State of Missouri, have invented a new and useful Churn, of which the following is a specification.

My present invention relates to improvements in churns, and has for its object the production of a device of this character embodying dasher operating mechanism designed to accomplish the churning of butter in a minimum space of time and a churnbody removably retained in the frame of the machine by a simple and conveniently-operated mechanism and comprehending Within the churn-body a butter-pan designed to faeilitate the removal and draining of the butter after the churning operation has been completed.

-To the accomplishment of these ends the invention consists in the construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and defined in the appended claims.

In said drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of my churn complete. Fig. 2 is a sectional plan view designed with special reference to the illustration of the manner in which the churn-body is removed from the frame. Fig. 3 is a central vertical section throughthe device complete. Fig. 4 is a detail view of the cover detached. Fig. 5 is a similar view of one of the dashers and its staff, and Fig. 6 is a detail plan view of the butter-pan.

Referring to the numerals of reference employed to designate corresponding parts in the several views, 1 indicates the platform, designed for the reception of the churn-body and preferably mounted upon side rails 2, from which extend a pair of parallel vertical side frames 3, preferably constructed of light .metal and bifurcated at their opposite ends,

distance below the head-beams is located a horizontal head-plate 6, having flanges 7 at its opposite ends bolted to the frames 3 and also provided at or about the longitudinal center of the plate with an elongated slot 8, aecessible through a wide throat 9, formed by cutting away the front edge of the plate 6 at the center.

The frame of the machine thus constructed is designed for-the support of the operative parts of the churn, the body being designed for location upon the platform 1 and the dasher-operating mechanism being mounted above the head-plate 6 for operative connection with the dasher-staifs, which project upwardly through the slot 8 in the head-plate, as will be hereinafter more fully described. For the retention of the churn-body 10, which is preferably of cylindrical form, the platform is provided adjacent to its rear end with a raised seat-block 11, havinga semicircular seat 12, formed byimparting a concave curvature to its front face. The churn-body 10 is designed to rest upon the platform and against the seat 12, where it is retained by a spring-latch 13, secured atone end under the platform 1, as seen in Fig. 3, and having an angular beak let extending upwardly through a recess 15 in the platform 1 and impinging against the front of the churn for the purpose of holding the latter rigidly against the seat 12. For the purpose of preventing axial movement of the churn, except when the latch 13 is depressed, the churn is provided at its lower edge at a point opposite the beak 14 of the latch with a horizontal projection 16 extended into a recess or socket 17 in the curved front face 12 of the seat-block 11.

The churn-body is provided with a circular cover 18, provided with a pair of diametrically-alined slots 19 for the accommodation of the dasher-staffs 20 and 21, these slots being so related that they will be presented directly under the ends of the slot 8 of the head-plate 6 when the churn is in place. For the purpose of additionally securing the churn-body and to facilitate its removal from the machine and the removal of the cover from the body said cover is provided with a handle 22, projecting beyond its periphery and formed at one end of a handle-bar 23, extending diametrically across the top of the cover, at right angles to the slots 19 and intermediate thereof, said handle-bar 23 being cut away at its rear end and formed with a shoulder 24, designed, when the churn-body is seated, to abut against the edge of the head-plate 6 defined by the rear edge of the slot 8.

Surmounting the head-beams 4 are a pair of journal-boxes 25, constituting bearings for a crank-shaft 26, having a pair of oppositelydisposed cranks 27 and 28 and provided upon its opposite ends, beyond the head-beams 4, with a fiy or balance wheel 29 and a spur-pinion 30; The pinion 30 is intermeshed with a comparatively large gear-wheel 31, mounted upon a short stud-shaft 32, projecting from one of the side frames 3, the gear-wheel 32 being the driving-Wheel of the operating m echanism and having extending therefrom an operating-crank 33, through the manipulation of which the crank-shaft 26 may be rotated at a high rate of speed. The cranks 27 and 28 are operatively connected, through pitmen 34 and 35, with a pair of reciprocatory crossheads 36 and 37, each mounted to reciprocate between upstanding guides or ways 38, which may be and preferably are short metal rods supported at their lower ends upon the headplates 6. Inasmuch as the cross-heads are mounted to reciprocate directly above the churn-body, each of the guides 38 is provided at its lower end, immediately above the plate 6, with a drip-cup 39, designed to prevent the lubricant employed in connection with the cross-heads from finding its way through the openings in the cover of the churn. The crossheads 36 and 37 are designed to be connected, respectively, to the dasher-staffs 20 and 21, and as this connection must obviously be capable of release to facilitate the removal of the churn-body when necessary each crosshead is pierced by a vertical staff-socket 40 and is provided with an abutment-screw 41, extending into the socket from the exterior of the cross-head for the purpose of adj ustably securing the staff for reciprocation with the cross-heads as the latter are operated in the manner specified.

Various forms of dashers may be employed in connection with a churn of the peculiar construction described; but I prefer to construct each of these dashers in the form of a humorously-perforated plate 42, secured at the lower end of each staff and designed as the stafis are reciprocated in opposite directions to violently agitate the contents of the ter in a minimum space of time. In order to facilitate the draining and removal of the butter when the churning is completed, I provide a shallow butter-pan 43 at the bottom of the churn-body 10, said pan being provided with a perforated bottom 44 and having an upstanding axial handle-rod 45, bent at its upper end to form a ring or fingerhold 46, which may be grasped to lift the pan from the churn-body after the cover has been removed.

The operation of my device is as follows: The churn-body having been placed in position upon the platform and the dasher-st-affs having been connected to the cross-heads, the crank 33 is grasped by the operator and the rotation of the gear-wheel 31 at a moderate speed will cause the rotation of the crankshaft 26 and the reciprocation of the crossheads 36 and 37 at a comparatively high rate of speed by reason of the diiferential diameters of the wheel 31 and the pinion 30. The connection between the dasher-staifs and cross-heads will cause the dashers to be rapidly reciprocated in opposite directions within the churn-body to efiect the churning of butter in a minimum space of time and with a minimum expenditure of power. When the churning operation has been completed, the dasher-staffs are released from the cross heads by unscrewing the set-screws 41. The staffs are then urged toward the handle-bar 23 to facilitate their removal through the throat 9 into the slot 8 of the head-plate. The

latch 13 is now depressed to remove the beak from its obstructing position and the churnbody is drawn forward to release the projection 16 of the churn-body from the socket-17, formed in the seat-block. The churn-body now being free to rotate a slight axial movement is imparted thereto for the purpose of presenting one of the dasher-staffs to the throat 9. The churn-body is now drawn forward to remove the dasher-stafis from the slot 8, through the throat 9, and after the churn-cover has been entirely removed from under the head-plate 6 said cover and the dashers may be removed to facilitate the removal of the butter by the raising of the butter-pan.

From the foregoing it will be observed that Ihave produced a simple, durable, and highlyeffective churn, comprehending means for operating the dashers at a high rate of speed, means for rigidly retaining the churn-body in place during the churning operation, and means for effecting the simultaneous straining and removal of the butter after the churning is completed; but while the present embodiment of my invention appears at this time to be preferable I desire to be understood as reserving the right to effect such changes, modifications, and variations of both form and arrangement as may be suggested by experience and experiment, provided they are embraced within the spirit of the invention. churn-body for the purpose of producing but- What I claim is I 1. In a churn, the combination with a frame comprising a head-plate having a longitudinal slot and a transverse throat opening into the slot at its middle, of a churn-body, dashers therein, and dasher-staifs, said staffs being designed for presentation to the slot in the head-plate through the throat and to be located in the opposite ends of the slot, dasheroperating mechanism mounted above the dasher-plate, and means for detachably connecting said mechanism to the dasher-staffs.

2. In a churn, the combination with aframe comprising a head-plate having a longitudinal slot and a transverse throat opening therein at its middle, of a churn-body, dasherstafis extending above the churn-body and designed for lateral presentation to the slot in the head-plate through the throat, dasher mechanism located above the head-plate and d etachably connected to the staffs, and means for retaining the churn-body against axial movement to prevent the'withdrawal of the dasher-staffs from the head-plate.

3. In a churn, the combination with a frame comprising a head-plate having a longitudinal slot and a transverse throat opening into the slot at its middle, of a churn-body provided with a pair of elongated openings disposed below the opposite ends of the slot in the head-plate, dashers Within the churnbody, and dasher-staffs extending therefrom, said staffs being arranged to be drawn to the inner ends of the openings in the churn-cover for presentation to the throat of the headplate.

4. in a churn, the combination with a frame comprising a head-plate having a longitudinal slot and a transverse throat opening into the slot at its middle, of a churn-body provided with a cover having a pair of elongated openings, dasher staffs extending through said openings and located within the opposite ends of the slot in the head-plate, and crossheads movable above the opposite ends of the slot and designed to be detachably engaged to the dasher-staffs when the latter have been passed through the throat and have been moved to positions at the opposite ends of the slot.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto ai'ifixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

OLIVER LABAN BULLOCK.

Witnesses:

THOMAS O. RENFROW, ZELMA R. HALBERT. 

